These levels seem to be identical with Kurt Lewin's model of organizational
change. Lewin wrote about three stages, Unfreeze, Change, and Refreeze.
See, for example: Lewin, K. (1947). Group Decisions and Social Change. In
T. N. Newcombe & E. L. Hartley (Eds.), Readings in Social Psychology Troy,
MO.: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
The organizational psychologist Edgar Schein has detailed the model
further, commonly recognized as Lewin-Schein's model of organizational
change. See, for example: Schein, E. H. (1987). Process Consultation,
Volume II: Lessons for Managers and Consultants. Reading, MA.:
Addison-Wesley.
Ragnvald Sannes
Dept. of Information Management, Institute for Management of
Stockholm School of Economics, Innovation and Technology (IMIT)
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