C. C. Corsi wrote:
> I am a phd student looking for works on the topic of leadership and
> morale. My name is Jay Zarr and my email address is zarr@uscolo.edu. I
> am currently working on a paper on what maskes an effective experiential
> ed. intructor. can you help me on either topic thanks
The necessity for leadership was stressed by Deming in his seventh point:
"Adopt and institute leadership". Some people are surprised because he
considers leadership very different from control.
Peter Senge remarked the necessity to clarify the concept of leadership:
"When I use the word `leadership'; I do not mean top management. A problem
in the US is that the terms `leader' and `top manager' are used
synonymously. Leadership is a phenomenon; it's the way human beings move
forward into the future, particularly when significant change is
required."
I like very much the way Lauro de Oliveira Lima states the concept of
leadership:
"There is no leader: there is leadership; the situation determines who
should act as a leader."
"In our days, the word `leadership' is so worn out and confused in our
days that it has been used for any kind of influence of one individual
over another. This inflence may range from the most abstract logical
persuasion to the most brutal physical domination.
"We need to make the concept of leadership very clear and differentiated
from ideology, demagogy, bossing, tyranny, expertship, direction and other
forms of influence. We consider leadership an aspect of an autonomous
group.
"We, therefore, call leadership the permission that an autonomous group
gives to each of its members to assume the regulation of the whole (group
coordination) in those situations that correspond to the specific
aptitudes of each one.
"As it moves from one group member to another, according to the
circunstances of group life, as the opportunity arrives for each one to
assume the co-mmand, we call this process emergent leadership, meaning
that emergence makes the leader.
"According to this definition of leadership, it is meaningless to look for
`the qualities of a leader', as only the circumstances will determine
which group member, in that particular occasion, is most indicated to
assume leadership."
I wish the study of leadership to be a source of inspiration for you.
Durval
-- Durval Muniz de Castro <durval@ia.cti.br> Fundacao Centro Tecnologico para Informatica <http://www.ia.cti.br/> Campinas - Brasil - Fone: 55-19-2401011 - Fax: 55-19-2402029Learning-org -- An Internet Dialog on Learning Organizations For info: <rkarash@karash.com> -or- <http://world.std.com/~lo/>